Kw, [H+], [OH-] and pH calculations

What this note covers

1. Water as a weak electrolyte and the meaning of Kw
2. The logarithmic pH scale
3. Strong acids: from formula to pH
4. Strong bases: use Kw before taking the logarithm
5. Significant figures, calculator entry and reasonableness checks
6. Mixed strong acid and base: neutralisation before pH

6 sections · 10 key terms & formulas · 6 common mistakes