Development as a global issue — causes of underdevelopment, responses

What this note covers

1. What 'development' means and why the gap persists
2. Debt burdens as a driver of underdevelopment
3. Trade terms, colonial legacy and conflict
4. Climate vulnerability as an accelerating driver
5. Interconnectedness: remittances, aid conditionality and TNC investment
6. Responses: SDGs, IMF/World Bank lending, bilateral aid and NGOs
7. Effectiveness judgement

7 sections · 14 key terms & formulas · 6 common mistakes