Armed conflict as a contemporary crisis — case study depth

What this note covers

1. Causes: Russia's invasion of Ukraine (since February 2022)
2. Causes: the Israel–Hamas war (since October 2023)
3. Key actors and their interests/perspectives
4. Consequences: casualties and displacement
5. Consequences: economic and regional stability effects
6. Applying this to exam questions

6 sections · 14 key terms & formulas · 6 common mistakes