Budgetary AS Measures: Training, R&D & Infrastructure

What this note covers

1. The logic: how budget measures shift aggregate supply
2. Training and education: building human capital
3. R&D and innovation incentives: paying for ideas the market under-produces
4. Infrastructure investment: capital that cuts everyone's costs
5. Worked application: from budget line to the AD/AS framework
6. Evaluation and exam technique: weighing the three measures

6 sections · 14 key terms & formulas · 5 common mistakes