Political threats and democratic survival, 1919–23

What this note covers

1. Threats from the left were not interchangeable
2. The Kapp Putsch exposed divided loyalties
3. Political murder and the state’s response
4. The Munich putsch and its limits
5. Comparing threats with common criteria
6. From survival to longer-term legitimacy

6 sections · 8 key terms & formulas · 6 common mistakes