ATARMAxxing · Chemistry
QCE Chemistry Practice Exams with Worked Solutions
20 full-length papers · worked solutions for every question
The 20 practice exams inside the QCE Chemistry Mastery Pack, each set out like the real paper with a separate worked-solution guide. Open any paper to see what it covers.
- Chemical equilibrium: writing Kc expressions, calculating Kc from equilibrium concentrations and ICE tables, and interpreting the magnitude of Kc
- Le Chatelier's Principle applied to concentration, pressure, volume and temperature changes in the Haber process, with collision-theory reasoning
- Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, conjugate pairs, pH/pOH calculations for strong and weak acids/bases, Ka, and buffer behaviour (Henderson-Hasselbalch)
- Volumetric analysis: acid-base titration calculations including diprotic acids and concentration determination
- Oxidation states, half-equation balancing, galvanic cell EMF from standard electrode potentials, and electrolytic/Faraday quantitative calculations (aluminium, electroplating)
- Organic structure, IUPAC naming, isomerism and intermolecular forces across the twelve hydrocarbon-derivative classes
- Core organic reaction types (combustion, substitution, elimination, addition with Markovnikov's rule, oxidation, esterification) and multi-step synthesis design
- Industrial synthesis (Haber and contact processes, biodiesel, bioethanol), green-chemistry principles including atom economy, and stoichiometry with limiting reagents and percentage yield
- AO4 evaluation of economic-versus-chemical trade-offs in optimising industrial reaction conditions using evidence from stimulus data
- Carbonate equilibria in seawater: Kc expressions, Qc vs Kc, and Le Chatelier reasoning for rising atmospheric CO2
- Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory: conjugate pairs, Ka1/Ka2 of carbonic acid, pH/pOH and the bicarbonate buffer
- Quantitative acid-base chemistry: weak-acid pH, dilution, strong-acid/base pH, Henderson-Hasselbalch
- Volumetric analysis: standardisation and seawater alkalinity titration with follow-through marking
- Redox and electrochemistry: oxidation states of carbon/sulfur/nitrogen, galvanic cell EMF, electrolysis/Faraday
- Organic structure, naming, isomerism and intermolecular forces across the twelve hydrocarbon-derivative classes
- Core organic reaction types: combustion, esterification (with Kc), nucleophilic substitution, addition (Markovnikov), oxidation
- Industrial synthesis and green chemistry: Haber process, contact process, biodiesel/bioethanol, limiting reagent and percentage yield
- Carbonate saturation state (omega) and CaCO3 dissolution as an evaluative ocean-acidification application
- AO1-AO4 cognition coverage: describe/explain, apply/calculate/deduce, analyse/compare, interpret/evaluate/justify against stimulus data
- Unit 3: chemical equilibrium (Kc, Le Chatelier) applied to chlorine/HOCl systems
- Unit 3: Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, pH/pOH, Ka/Kb, buffer solutions (HOCl/OCl- pool buffering)
- Unit 3: volumetric analysis - acid-base titration of pool dosing acids/bases with full stoichiometry
- Unit 3: oxidation states, half-equations, disproportionation of chlorine, galvanic/electrolytic cells, electrode potentials, brine electrolysis
- Unit 4: structure, naming, isomerism and IMF analysis of the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes
- Unit 4: six core organic reactions, Markovnikov's rule, esterification, multi-step synthesis
- Unit 4: macromolecules (addition/condensation polymers, proteins) and green chemistry
- Unit 4: industrial synthesis (Haber, contact process, biodiesel/bioethanol) with limiting-reagent and percentage-yield stoichiometry
- AO1-AO4 cognition coverage: describe/explain, apply/calculate/deduce, analyse/compare, interpret/evaluate/justify against QCAA cognitive-verb definitions
- Volumetric analysis: back-titration determination of ethanoic acid in commercial vinegar (n=cV, dilution scaling, excess-reagent logic)
- Acid-base equilibrium: Bronsted-Lowry conjugate pairs, weak-acid pH, Ka/pKa, Kw and pOH
- Titration-curve interpretation: half-equivalence (pH = pKa), equivalence-point pH for weak acid + strong base, indicator selection
- Buffer action of the ethanoate/ethanoic acid system
- Chemical equilibrium: Kc expressions and calculations, ICE tables, Le Chatelier and collision theory
- Oxidation and reduction: oxidation states, half-equations, galvanic cells, E°cell, spontaneity and electrolysis
- Organic structure: the carboxylic-acid and ester functional groups, IUPAC naming, isomerism, intermolecular forces
- Organic synthesis: esterification, oxidation of alcohols, addition (Markovnikov), multi-step pathways
- Industrial chemistry and green chemistry: atom economy, percentage yield, limiting reagent, renewable feedstocks
- QCAA cognitions AO1–AO4 with Band A evidence-directed reasoning, full worked solutions and marking guides
- QCAA Chemistry Units 3 & 4 External Assessment (50% of subject result), simulated across Paper 1 (Section A: 20 MC + Section B: 8 short-response, 38 marks) and Paper 2 (Section C: 8 short/extended-response, 52 marks) for a grand total of 110 marks
- Unit 3 Topic 2 redox and electrochemistry anchored on the stimulus context: silver electroplating of a copper bracelet in a AgNO3 electrolytic cell - half-equations, anode/cathode identification, ion movement, Faraday's-law mass calculations, E°cell, and galvanic vs electrolytic distinction
- Unit 3 Topic 1 chemical equilibrium: Kc expressions and calculations, ICE tables, Le Chatelier's Principle (concentration/pressure/temperature) explained through collision theory
- Unit 3 Topic 1 acids and bases: Bronsted-Lowry theory, conjugate pairs, pH/pOH, Ka/Kb weak-acid calculations, buffers, and acid-base volumetric titration analysis with curves and indicator selection
- Unit 4 Topic 1 organic structure: the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative functional-group classes, IUPAC nomenclature, structural and cis-trans isomerism, and intermolecular-force explanations of physical-property trends; macromolecules (addition/condensation polymers, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids)
- Unit 4 Topic 2 synthesis and design: the six core reaction types (combustion, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition with Markovnikov's rule, oxidation, esterification), multi-step pathway design, industrial processes (Haber, contact, biodiesel, bioethanol), green-chemistry atom economy, and stoichiometry (limiting reagent, percentage yield)
- Assessment Objectives AO1 (describe/explain), AO2 (apply/calculate/deduce), AO3 (analyse/compare), AO4 (interpret/evaluate/justify) with Band A model answers, fully worked arithmetically-verified calculations, and QCAA-style marking-guide criteria reflecting cognitive-verb precision
- Unit 3 Redox: oxidation-state assignment, half-equation balancing, combining half-equations for full redox, oxidising/reducing agent identification
- Unit 3 Electrochemistry: galvanic vs electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials E°, E°cell, spontaneity, Faraday's laws (Q=It, n=Q/zF), industrial electrolytic refining of copper and the anode-sludge/anode-impurity rationale
- Unit 3 Equilibrium: Kc expressions and calculations, ICE tables, Le Chatelier's Principle (concentration, pressure, temperature) with collision-theory reasoning
- Unit 3 Acids & bases: Bronsted-Lowry pairs, pH/pOH/Kw, strong vs weak, Ka/Kb, buffers (Henderson-Hasselbalch), acid-base titration calculations and indicator choice
- Unit 4 Organic structure: 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes, IUPAC naming, isomerism, intermolecular forces and physical-property trends
- Unit 4 Synthesis & design: six reaction types, Markovnikov addition, multi-step pathways, esterification, industrial syntheses (Haber, contact, biodiesel/bioethanol), green chemistry, limiting reagent and percentage yield
- QCAA cognitions AO1–AO4 with cognitive-verb precision (explain = causal chain; deduce = logical conclusion from data; evaluate/justify = judgement against criteria using stimulus evidence), Queensland copper-smelter refinery context throughout
- Unit 3 redox: standard reduction potentials, galvanic cell EMF, spontaneity and reducing-agent strength (galvanic-corrosion / sacrificial-anode context)
- Unit 3 redox: oxidation-state assignment, half-equation balancing, electrolytic cells and Faraday's law
- Unit 3 equilibrium: Kc expressions and calculations, ICE tables, Le Chatelier's Principle (concentration/pressure/temperature)
- Unit 3 acids/bases: pH/pOH, strong vs weak acids/bases, Ka/Kb, buffers, Kw temperature dependence, volumetric and back-titration analysis
- Unit 4 organic: structure, naming, isomerism and IMF-based physical properties across the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes
- Unit 4 organic reactions: combustion, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition (Markovnikov), oxidation, esterification and multi-step synthesis
- Unit 4 synthesis/design: Haber and contact processes, biodiesel/bioethanol, green-chemistry principles, limiting reagent and percentage yield
- AO1-AO4 cognition coverage with QCAA cognitive verbs (explain, calculate, deduce, determine, analyse, compare, evaluate, justify) and Band A evidence-directed reasoning
- Unit 3 Topic 2 (Oxidation and reduction): standard electrode potentials, E°cell calculation, ranking oxidising/reducing agent strength, galvanic cell construction and labelling, electrolysis - anchored to a rechargeable-battery electrode-pair design context
- Unit 3 Topic 1 (Equilibrium, acids and redox): Kc expression and ICE-table calculations, Le Chatelier's Principle via collision theory, Bronsted-Lowry theory, pH/pOH/Ka/Kb, weak-acid and buffer calculations, acid-base titration analysis and indicator selection
- Unit 4 Topic 1 (Structure of organic materials): the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes, IUPAC nomenclature, structural and cis-trans isomerism, intermolecular forces and physical-property trends, polymers, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids
- Unit 4 Topic 2 (Synthesis and design): the six core reaction types, Markovnikov addition, multi-step synthesis pathways, Haber and contact processes, biodiesel and bioethanol, green chemistry, limiting-reagent and percentage-yield stoichiometry
- Assessment objectives AO1-AO4 only, with QCAA cognitive verbs (explain, deduce, calculate, determine, analyse, compare, evaluate, justify) and Band A standards requiring full causal chains, shown working with units, and evidence-referenced judgements
- Unit 4 industrial synthesis — biodiesel production from waste vegetable oil by base-catalysed transesterification with methanol (the stimulus context anchoring the paper)
- Unit 4 organic structure — esters, the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes, IUPAC naming, isomerism, IMF-based physical properties, and triglyceride/lipid macromolecules
- Unit 4 organic reactions — esterification/transesterification, combustion, addition (Markovnikov), oxidation of alcohols, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, and multi-step synthesis pathways
- Unit 4 stoichiometry — limiting reagent, theoretical yield and percentage yield calculations applied to biodiesel manufacture
- Unit 4 green chemistry — atom economy, renewable feedstocks, waste valorisation (glycerol co-product), catalyst choice and evaluative trade-offs
- Unit 3 equilibrium — reversible transesterification, Kc expressions and ICE-table calculations, and Le Chatelier's Principle (excess methanol, temperature) applied to driving yield
- Unit 3 acids and bases — Bronsted-Lowry theory, strong vs weak acids, pH/pOH, Ka for free fatty acids, NaOH/KOH catalyst chemistry, buffers and acid-base/FFA titration analysis
- Unit 3 oxidation and reduction — oxidation-state assignment, half-equations, galvanic and electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials and E°cell calculations
- QCAA cognition coverage AO1-AO4 — describe/explain, apply/calculate/deduce, analyse/compare, and interpret/evaluate/justify, assessed at Band A depth with full cause-and-effect chains, units and evidence-referenced conclusions
- Unit 3 Chemical Equilibrium: Kc expressions and calculations, ICE tables, Le Chatelier's Principle (concentration/pressure/temperature), collision-theory mechanisms
- Unit 3 Acids: Bronsted-Lowry theory, conjugate pairs, pH/pOH, Kw, Ka/Kb, weak-acid and weak-base calculations, buffers, acid-base titration analysis and indicator selection
- Unit 3 Redox: oxidation-state assignment, half-equation balancing, galvanic vs electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials and E°cell, spontaneity, electroplating and aluminium production
- Unit 4 Organic structure: the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes, IUPAC nomenclature, structural and cis-trans isomerism, intermolecular forces and physical-property trends
- Unit 4 Macromolecules: addition and condensation polymers, proteins as enzymes, carbohydrates (cellulose/starch/glucose), lipids and biodegradable polymers
- Unit 4 Synthesis: the six core reaction types, Markovnikov's rule, multi-step pathway design, esterification
- Unit 4 Industrial chemistry and green chemistry: Haber process, contact process, biodiesel and the marquee bioethanol-from-bagasse context (enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose then fermentation), atom economy
- Stoichiometry: limiting reagent, theoretical and percentage yield throughout the bioethanol stimulus
- Assessment objectives AO1-AO4 with QCAA cognitive verbs; Band A model answers with full cause-effect chains, units, and evidence-directed evaluation
- Organic synthesis & esterification (aspirin: salicylic acid → acetylsalicylic acid)
- Reaction-type identification, balanced equations & reaction conditions
- Atom economy & green chemistry evaluation
- Percentage yield, limiting reagent & stoichiometry
- Acid-base chemistry: pH/pOH, Ka/Kb, buffers, Bronsted-Lowry
- Volumetric analysis (acid-base titration to determine purity)
- Chemical equilibrium: Kc expressions, ICE tables & Le Chatelier's Principle
- Oxidation, reduction, oxidation states & half-equations
- Galvanic/electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials & Faraday's laws
- Organic structure, IUPAC naming, isomerism & intermolecular forces
- Industrial synthesis (Haber/contact) & data analysis/evaluation (AO1-AO4)
- QCAA Chemistry Units 3 & 4 (General Senior Syllabus 2025 v1.3) full External Assessment, contextualised on the comparison of polylactic acid (PLA) with polyethylene (PE) in biodegradable packaging
- Paper 1 Section A: 20 single-best-answer multiple-choice (1 mark each) spanning equilibrium/Kc, Le Chatelier, Bronsted-Lowry acid-base, pH/pOH/Ka, redox oxidation states and E°cell, organic structure/IUPAC naming/isomerism, addition vs condensation polymers, and stoichiometry
- Paper 1 Section B: 8 short/extended-response questions (38 marks) on dynamic equilibrium and Kc, weak-acid pH from Ka, acid-base titration and standardisation, redox half-equations and galvanic cells, organic nomenclature and intermolecular forces, condensation vs addition polymerisation mechanisms
- Paper 2 Section C: 8 short/extended-response questions (52 marks) integrating ICE-table equilibrium, buffer chemistry, limiting reagent and percentage yield, multi-step organic synthesis, atom economy and green chemistry, combustion CO2 footprint analysis, and AO3/AO4 evaluation of PLA-vs-PE trade-offs
- Assessment Objectives AO1 (describe/explain), AO2 (apply/calculate/determine/deduce), AO3 (analyse/compare/contrast) and AO4 (interpret/evaluate/justify) at the Band A standard, with every worked calculation shown step-by-step and arithmetically verified, and every MCQ key mapping to exactly one option
- Unit 3: chemical equilibrium (Kc, Le Chatelier, reaction quotient) applied to esterification and industrial systems
- Unit 3: Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, pH/pOH, Ka, weak-acid dissociation and buffer calculations
- Unit 3: volumetric analysis - monoprotic and diprotic acid-base titrations with concordant titres
- Unit 3: oxidation states, half-equations, galvanic/electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials and Faraday's laws
- Unit 4: organic structure, IUPAC naming, isomerism and the twelve hydrocarbon-derivative classes
- Unit 4: six core organic reactions, Markovnikov addition and multi-step synthesis design
- Unit 4: proteins and quaternary-structure denaturation - linking temperature/pH to loss of enzyme activity (food-science stimulus)
- Unit 4: industrial synthesis (Haber, contact, biodiesel, bioethanol), green chemistry, limiting reagent and percentage yield
- Assessment of AO1-AO4 only, mapped to QCAA cognitive verbs (explain, deduce, analyse, evaluate, justify) at Band A standard
- Markovnikov addition and acid-catalysed hydration of unsymmetrical alkenes (regioselectivity via carbocation stability)
- IUPAC nomenclature, isomerism and structure of the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes
- Six core organic reactions: combustion, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition, oxidation, esterification
- Multi-step organic synthesis pathway design and reagent selection
- Chemical equilibrium: Kc, reaction quotient and Le Chatelier's principle (concentration, pressure, temperature)
- Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, pH/pOH, Ka/Kb, weak-acid ionisation and buffer calculations
- Volumetric analysis: acid-base titration stoichiometry and concentration determination
- Redox: oxidation-state assignment, half-equations, galvanic and electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials, Faraday's laws
- Industrial synthesis (Haber, contact, biodiesel, bioethanol), green-chemistry principles and atom economy
- Stoichiometry: limiting reagent, percentage yield and quantitative problem solving
- Multi-step organic synthesis pathway design from an alkane to an ester fragrance compound (reaction-type, reagent and condition selection at each step)
- Six core organic reaction types: combustion, free-radical/nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition (Markovnikov), oxidation, esterification
- Organic structure, IUPAC nomenclature, isomerism and intermolecular-force-based physical property trends across hydrocarbon derivative classes
- Chemical equilibrium: Kc expressions and calculations, reaction quotient Q, and Le Chatelier's Principle (concentration, pressure, temperature)
- Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, pH/pOH, strong vs weak acids, Ka/Kb, buffers and volumetric (titration) analysis
- Oxidation-reduction: oxidation states, half-equation balancing, galvanic and electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials, electroplating and aluminium production (Faraday's laws)
- Industrial synthesis and green chemistry: Haber and contact processes, atom economy, percentage yield, limiting reagent and stoichiometry
- QCAA Assessment Objectives 1-4 (describe/explain, apply, analyse, interpret/evaluate) under the General Senior Syllabus 2025 v1.3
- Chemical equilibrium: Kc expressions, ICE tables and Le Chatelier applied to the contact process (SO2 oxidation over V2O5) as a yield-vs-rate compromise
- Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory: pH/pOH, strong vs weak acids/bases, Ka/Kb, buffers and acid-base titration stoichiometry
- Oxidation-reduction: oxidation states, half-equations, galvanic cell EMF from standard electrode potentials, and electrolysis (Faraday's laws, electroplating, aluminium)
- Organic chemistry: hydrocarbon-derivative structure/naming/isomerism, IMF and physical properties, and the six core reaction types including Markovnikov addition and esterification
- Industrial synthesis and green chemistry: contact process, Haber process, biodiesel/bioethanol, percentage yield, limiting reagent and atom economy
- AO1-AO4 cognition: explain (causal chains via collision theory), apply/calculate (formula-substitution-units), analyse (trends/limitations in stimulus data), and evaluate/justify (weighing yield-rate-cost trade-offs against stated evidence)
- Unit 3 — Chemical equilibrium: Kc expressions and ICE calculations, Le Chatelier (concentration/pressure/temperature) and collision-theory mechanism
- Unit 3 — Acids and bases: Bronsted-Lowry conjugate pairs, strong/weak distinction, pH/pOH, Ka/Kb, buffers and Henderson-Hasselbalch, acid-base titration and indicator choice
- Unit 3 — Redox and electrochemistry: oxidation-state assignment, half-equation balancing in acid, galvanic cell labelling and E°cell, ranking oxidising/reducing agents, electrolysis and Faraday stoichiometry, aluminium/copper industrial cells
- Unit 4 — Organic structure: the 12 hydrocarbon-derivative classes, IUPAC naming, structural and cis-trans isomerism, intermolecular forces governing boiling point and solubility
- Unit 4 — Identification of an unknown organic compound: deducing functional-group class and IUPAC name from boiling point, water solubility, pH/litmus, oxidation and combustion (empirical → molecular formula) test data
- Unit 4 — Macromolecules: addition and condensation polymers, polyesters/polyamides, proteins and peptide bonds, carbohydrates, triglycerides and biodegradable PLA
- Unit 4 — Organic reactions and synthesis: combustion, nucleophilic substitution, elimination, Markovnikov addition, oxidation of alcohols, Fischer esterification, multi-step pathway design
- Unit 4 — Industrial chemistry and green chemistry: Haber and contact processes, biodiesel and bioethanol, atom economy, limiting-reagent and percentage-yield stoichiometry
- Assessment of QCAA Objectives AO1 (describe/explain), AO2 (apply/calculate/deduce), AO3 (analyse/compare), AO4 (interpret/evaluate/justify) only
- Band A standards: full cause-and-effect chains, formula-substitution-units in every calculation, conclusion plus separately-credited reasoning, evidence referenced explicitly from stimulus
- QCAA Chemistry Units 3 & 4 (2025 v1.3) full External Assessment
- Stimulus context: nylon-6,6 condensation polymerisation from hexanedioic acid + 1,6-diaminohexane, amide bond, contrast with addition polymerisation
- Unit 3: chemical equilibrium (Kc, ICE tables, Le Chatelier, collision theory)
- Unit 3: Bronsted-Lowry acids/bases, pH/pOH, Ka/Kb, buffers, acid-base titrations/volumetric analysis
- Unit 3: oxidation states, half-equations, galvanic & electrolytic cells, E°cell, electroplating/refining
- Unit 4: 12 hydrocarbon-derivative functional groups, IUPAC naming, isomerism, intermolecular forces & physical properties
- Unit 4: addition vs condensation polymers, polyamides/nylon, polyesters, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, biodegradability
- Unit 4: six core organic reactions, Markovnikov, multi-step synthesis, esterification
- Unit 4: industrial synthesis (Haber, contact, biodiesel, bioethanol), green chemistry, atom economy
- Stoichiometry: limiting reagent, theoretical & percentage yield
- Assessment objectives AO1–AO4 only; Band A cause-and-effect explanation, evidence-directed evaluation, fully worked calculations with units
- Paper 1 (Section A 20 MC = 20 marks; Section B 8 short/extended = 38 marks) + Paper 2 (Section C 8 short/extended = 52 marks); grand total 110 marks
- Unit 3 Topic 2 Oxidation & Reduction anchored on the permanganate-iron(II) redox titration for water-quality testing (half-equation balancing in acidic conditions, MnO4-/Fe2+ 1:5 stoichiometry, oxidising/reducing agent identification, self-indicating endpoint, E°cell)
- Unit 3 Topic 1 Equilibrium, Acids & Redox: Kc expressions and ICE calculations, Le Chatelier's Principle via collision theory, Brønsted-Lowry conjugate pairs, pH/pOH, weak-acid Ka and percent ionisation, buffers, volumetric analysis and titration-curve interpretation
- Unit 4 Topic 1 Properties & Structure of Organic Materials: IUPAC nomenclature of the 12 derivative classes, structural and cis-trans isomerism, intermolecular forces explaining physical-property trends, addition/condensation polymers and proteins
- Unit 4 Topic 2 Chemical Synthesis & Design: six core reaction types, Markovnikov addition, oxidation of alcohols, esterification, multi-step pathway design, Haber and contact processes, limiting reagent and percentage yield, green-chemistry/atom-economy evaluation
- Quantitative water-quality application: stoichiometric back-calculation through dilution to original sample concentration, mass concentration in mg/L, percentage purity of FeSO4·7H2O, and evidence-based evaluation against Australian Drinking Water Guidelines
- Assessment Objectives AO1–AO4 with QCAA cognitive-verb precision (describe/explain, apply/calculate/deduce, analyse/compare, interpret/evaluate/justify) and Band-A marking standards
- Unit 3 Equilibrium: Kc expressions, Le Chatelier (concentration/pressure/temperature)
- Unit 3 Acids & bases: Bronsted-Lowry, pH/pOH, Ka/Kb, weak vs strong
- Buffer chemistry: composition, mechanism, Henderson-Hasselbalch, pH change on acid/base addition (pharmaceutical formulation context)
- Volumetric analysis: acid-base titration stoichiometry and concentration determination
- Unit 3 Redox: oxidation states, half-equations, galvanic/electrolytic cells, standard electrode potentials, Faraday electrolysis
- Unit 4 Organic structure: hydrocarbon-derivative classes, naming, isomerism, intermolecular forces and physical properties
- Unit 4 Reaction types: substitution, elimination, addition (Markovnikov), oxidation, esterification, multi-step synthesis
- Unit 4 Industrial & green chemistry: Haber/contact processes, biodiesel/bioethanol, percentage yield, limiting reagent
- AO1-AO4 cognitions: describe/explain, apply/calculate/deduce, analyse/compare, interpret/evaluate/justify against Band A standard
Included in the QCE Chemistry Mastery Pack
20 full-length practice exams with worked solutions, 20 revision notes, 64 practice questions and 200 flashcards.
Preview a sample note and question free on the QCE Chemistry hub →