Free WACE Year 11 Physical Education Studies Flashcard Review
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What is the difference between a skill and a technique?
A skill is the learned ability to produce a movement outcome; a technique is the specific way the skill is performed (body positions, joint actions and timing).
Give two ways fitness components limit skill execution.
Low power reduces jump height or throwing force; low muscular endurance makes technique break down late in a game as fatigue builds.
Why should skill practice move from closed drills towards game-like conditions?
So the performer learns to select and adapt the skill under pressure from opponents, time and fatigue, as in competition.
What does it mean to adapt a skill?
To change force, speed, direction or body position of the technique to suit the situation, such as an opponent, surface or fatigue.
Name three groups of games with example sports.
Invasion (netball, AFL), net/court (badminton, volleyball), striking/fielding (cricket, softball); target games are a fourth game category.
What is a tactical problem?
A recurring challenge that must be solved to score or prevent scoring, such as maintaining possession, attacking the goal or defending space.
Distinguish a tactic from a strategy.
A strategy is the overall game plan; a tactic is a specific action used during play to solve a particular tactical problem.
Name two ways to create space in attack.
Spread wide to stretch the defence; make a decoy run away from the ball to draw a defender out of a gap.
What is good defensive positioning in an invasion game?
Staying between the opponent and the goal, goal-side and ball-side, while being able to see both the opponent and the ball.
List three cues a player reads before making a decision.
Positions of opponents and teammates, flight or speed of the ball, and the score and time remaining.
How does fatigue affect decision making?
Research suggests that physical fatigue near exhaustion, and mental fatigue, can impair decision making: a tired player may read cues less accurately and respond more slowly, so poorer options become more likely.
Which energy system mainly supplies a 3–5 second sprint into space?
Mainly the ATP-CP (phosphate) system, which provides very rapid energy for short maximal efforts; anaerobic glycolysis also contributes substantially, even in sprints of about 6 s.
Which two bones form the forearm, and which is on the thumb side?
The radius and ulna; the radius is on the thumb side, the ulna on the little-finger side.
Which bones make up the lower leg and knee?
Tibia (larger shin bone, inner side), fibula (thin outer bone) and patella (kneecap, front of the knee); the femur forms the upper part of the knee.
Name the bones of the hand and foot from the listed set.
Hand: carpals (wrist), metacarpals (palm), phalanges (fingers). Foot: tarsals (ankle/heel), metatarsals (foot), phalanges (toes).
Where is the soleus and what does it do?
Deep in the calf, beneath the gastrocnemius; it plantar flexes the ankle.
Which muscle lies at the front of the shin, and what movement does it cause?
Tibialis anterior; it dorsiflexes the ankle (lifts the toes towards the shin).
Define excitability and contractibility.
Excitability: muscle responds to a nerve stimulus. Contractibility: muscle shortens and pulls with force when stimulated.
Distinguish extendibility from elasticity.
Extendibility is the ability to be stretched beyond resting length; elasticity is the ability to recoil back to resting length.
In a biceps curl (lifting phase), which muscle is the agonist and which the antagonist?
Biceps is the agonist (flexes the elbow); triceps is the antagonist (relaxes and lengthens).