Free HSC Year 11 HMS Flashcard Review
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State the WHO definition of health.
A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is the biomedical view of health?
Health is the absence of disease or injury that can be diagnosed and treated.
Give two reasons people hold different meanings of health.
Examples: age, culture, beliefs and values, life experience, socioeconomic circumstances, media and family influences.
What is the health continuum?
A line from optimal health to serious ill health or death along which people move over time.
How does the dimensions-of-health interaction work?
A change in one dimension (such as physical injury) can affect others (such as social, emotional and mental health).
Define incidence.
The number of new cases of a condition in a population over a set period, often a rate per 100 000.
Define prevalence.
The proportion of a population with a condition at a point in time or over a period.
How do you calculate a rate per 100 000?
(Number of cases ÷ population) × 100 000.
Why is equity different from equality?
Equality gives everyone the same; equity gives more support to those with greater need so outcomes are fairer.
Name the five broad groups of determinants of health.
Broad features of society, environment, socioeconomic characteristics, knowledge/attitudes/behaviours and biomedical factors.
What is a health inequity?
A difference in health between groups that is unfair and avoidable.
Give two sociological causes of risky health behaviours.
Examples: peer influence and social norms, media and advertising, family culture, low socioeconomic position, availability of products.
What is primary data?
Information collected first-hand by the researcher, such as through a survey or interview.
What is secondary data?
Information collected by others, such as published reports or statistics.
Name one thing that is similar for young people across generations.
Developing identity and independence, forming friendships and seeking belonging.
Name one major difference for young people today compared with earlier generations.
Constant digital communication and social media, which changes connection, comparison and sleep.
What makes a good research question?
It is focused, researchable, names the group and concept, and cannot be answered with a simple yes or no.
What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?
Quantitative data is numerical (counts, ratings); qualitative data is descriptive words that explain views and experiences.
What is a random sample?
A sample in which everyone in the population has an equal chance of being chosen, which reduces bias.
What is informed consent?
Voluntary agreement to take part after being told the purpose, what is involved and the right to withdraw.