Free WACE Health Studies Flashcard Review

A group that shares characteristics (such as culture, location, age, disability or income) and experiences poorer health outcomes than the general population, often because of inequities.

A specific population identified by governments or health agencies as needing targeted action because of its greater burden of ill health, e.g. First Nations Peoples or people in remote areas.

The ability to obtain appropriate health services when needed, affected by cost, distance, transport, opening hours, language and cultural safety.

Fairness: everyone has a fair opportunity to reach their full health potential, which may require extra resources for groups with greater need.

A difference in health status between groups that is avoidable, unfair and unjust because it arises from social, economic or environmental conditions.

Any measurable difference in health between individuals or groups; it becomes an inequity when the difference is avoidable and unjust.

Any four of: cultural background, geographic location, age, gender, disability, socioeconomic status, sexuality, language, migration status or occupation.

Examiners penalise overgeneralised claims (e.g. that all CALD people are uneducated); answers must be justified by the stimulus and recognise variation within groups.

Access to primary care and specialist services close to home, and affordable fresh food and reliable transport or telehealth to reach care.

Care in which people feel their culture, identity and beliefs are respected and they are free from discrimination, which encourages them to use services.

Discrimination, gender, access to health care, unemployment, social isolation, dislocation of land, occupation, access to and level of education, geographic location, racism, government economic and social policies, socioeconomic status and health literacy.

Unfair treatment of people because of a characteristic such as disability, age, sexuality or culture; it reduces access to services, employment and wellbeing.

Socially constructed roles and expectations for men and women that shape risk-taking, help-seeking, income and exposure to violence, creating different health outcomes.

Lack of paid work, which lowers income, reduces sense of purpose and social contact, and is linked to poorer mental and physical health.

Limited contact with family, friends or community; it reduces social support and increases risk of depression, poor self-care and early death.

Removal or separation of a people (notably First Nations Peoples) from traditional country, damaging cultural identity, spiritual connection and wellbeing across generations.

The type of work a person does, which affects exposure to hazards (e.g. sun, chemicals, shift work), income and stress.

Prejudice, discrimination or systemic disadvantage based on race or ethnicity; it causes chronic stress and reduces access to culturally safe care.

Decisions on taxation, welfare, housing, health funding and education that affect income, services and opportunities, and so the health of whole groups.

The ability to find, understand, evaluate and use health information and services; low health literacy is linked to poorer management of conditions.